Power over Ethernet (a.k.a. as PoE) is a technology to power electronic devices directly from the switches. For this to work, the switch needs to be PoE-enabled obviously. Such switches feature so-called PoE-ports that provide - in addition to the network connectivity - power to the devices connected to this port.
Using PoE for VoIP devices greatly enhances the solutions overall availability. Both central (such as gateways) and peripheral devices (such as telephones) easily benefit from a PoE-switch that is secured by a UPS. Also, desktop devices (such as phones) get rid of the power supply which eliminates a source of problems and makes for a much cleaner installation.